Immunology and Infectious Diseases

Molecular Immunology manages the comprehension of the resistant fame work and how it capacities to shield us from pathogens, similar to microscopic organisms and infections, while in the meantime regarding the innocuous or valuable microorganisms in our conditions. Different systems utilized in Molecular Immunology Antibodies counteracting agent utilize Elisa, Nephelometry and Radioimmunology.

It is the study of immune system response that occurs at mucosal membrane of the intestines, the urogenital tracts and respiratory systems, i.e. surface which are contact with the external environment in healthy states, the mucosal immune system provide protection against pathogens but maintains a tolerance towards non-harmful commensal microbes and benign environmental substance. Since the mucosal membranes are primary contact point between a host and its environment a large amount of secondary lymphoid tissue is found here. The mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues or MALT provides the organism with an important line of defense.

The study of the immune response that occurs when an organ or tissue is moved (grafted) from one individual to another is known as Transplant Immunology. 

Branch of immunology that deals especially with the interrelationships of the nervous system and immune responses and autoimmune disorders (as multiple sclerosis) is known as NeuroImmunology.

Immunodermatology studies skin as an organ of immunity in health and diseases. Several areas like Photo-immunology (effects of UV light on skin defense), inflammatory diseases like Hidradenitis suppurativa, allergic contact dermatitis and atopic eczema, presumably autoimmune diseases like vtiligo and psoriasis and finally the immunology of microbial skin diseases such as retrovirus infection and leprosy.

Immunogenetics is a branch of immunology concerned with the interrelations of heredity, disease, and the immune system and its components. 

Innate Immunity is defined as an immunity possessed by a group of species or race which is present in an individual at birth prior to exposure to a pathogen or antigen and that includes components such as intact skin, salivary enzymes, neutrophils, natural killer cells, and complement which provide an initial response against infection.

Immunology research tends to a fascinating medium for the introduction, understanding and clarification of complex sensible information. Data appears as interpretive blend diagrams, exceptional research articles, symposia, preparations and theoretical structures. The level of argument reaches to the cell immunology, tumor immunology, immunoregulation, immunopathology, auxiliary immunology molecular immunology and autoimmunity have ensured and microbial restriction including viral immunology, transplantation immunology, Immunoendocrinology, translational immunology, Neuroimmunology and clinical immunology.

Nutritional Immunology or Immunonutrition is a newly recognized sub discipline of vast clinical and public health importance. This discipline interrelates seemingly desperate fields of Nutrition and Immunology. Despite of their apparent independence in the immune system cannot function optimally if malnutrition is present.

Branch of medicine that studies interactions between the immune system and components related to the reproductive system, such as maternal immune tolerance towards the fetus, or immunological interactions across the blood-testis barrier is known as Reproductive immunology.

Infectious diseases are mainly caused by micro-organisms  like bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites, pathogens. some of these organisms cause diseases. Than any other cause infectious diseases kill more people throughout the world. These infections are mainly caused by germs .we can get infected by touching, eating, drinking or breathing something. Some of the diseases like measles and chickenpox can also be prevented by vaccines. Hand washing is also a used to prevent infectious diseases.

Communicable diseases are spread from person to person or through animals .these can be spread through air and transfer from blood or other body fluids like malaria, HIV/AIDS. non communicable diseases are chronic diseases like heart diseases, cancer and diabetes.

Virology is considered to be a subfield of microbiology that deals with viruses and viral diseases. Infectious diseases are mainly caused by micro-organisms  like bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites, pathogens. some of these organisms cause diseases. These infections are mainly caused by germs .we can get infected by touching, eating, drinking or breathing something. Some of the diseases like measles and chickenpox can also be prevented by vaccines. Hand washing is also a used to prevent infectious diseases.

The process in which biotechnology is used in converting viruses into therapeutic agents by reprogramming viruses to treat diseases. There are three main branches of Virotherapy : anti-cancer oncotic viruses, viral vectors for gene therapy and viral immunotherapy.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma are the causes of respiratory symptoms. These affects the organs and tissues that make gas exchange possible in higher organisms, and includes conditions of the upper respiratory tract, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, and the nerves and muscles of breathing.

Infection Control in a health care facility is the prevention of the spread of microorganisms from one individual to another individual to prevent these infectious diseases problems frequent hand washing, infection out breaks, water and food in hospital must be maintained.